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The Institute of Maritime History (IMH) is a non-profit 501(c) 3 corporation dedicated to research, preservation, and education in nautical archaeology and maritime history.

 

« January 2006 | Main | April 2006 »

March 25, 2006

March 25-26 Field Work

Good joy on Saturday. Went to look for two charted lumps below Ragged Point, and found each of them within a few minutes, right about where the chart says they are. I had looked for them with a fishfinder for two years without success. The chart says the southern one is an obstruction and the northern one is a wreck, while AWOIS does not list the southern one and calls the northern one an obstruction. Both of them look like oyster mesas to me: round and amorphous with nothing even vaguely cultural. Also confirmed the U-boat and puzzle pile are still there, and refined my GPS numbers slightly for the high points.

Ted White sent a copy of the NTSB report on the explosion of the tank barge STC 410 at Piney Point on 20 December 1986. It says two 8-ton hunks of the starboard side were tossed 700 feet shoreward by the blast, and "the major portion of the main deck over the No. 5 tanks, port and starboard, had been thrown by the explosion into the deeper (40 feet or more) water on the offshore side of the pier T-wings." The barge was lying on the inshore side of the upriver T-wing at the time. The distance from the puzzle pile to her location is about 320 yards.

With confirmation that the blast was violent enough to throw tons of metal around, and given the torn, heavy plates of the puzzle pile and the piece of heavy Nylon line wedged into the peak of the pile, I'm fairly confident that the pile is a piece of the barge. Next item on the agenda is to compare the official dimensions of the STC 410 (at least her beam) with the inverted barge (53DTON_2 = SHIP 1351) lying in 70 feet at the St. Mary's River mouth to see if that is as far as the salvage effort got. The stern was pretty well vaporized by the blast, so we might not find the stern towing notch. Her overlall length was 300 feet. The aft section, perhaps 75 feet, was blown off, at least above the waterline. If the St. Mary's barge measures 60 by 300 - 75 = 225 feet, or 60 x 300 with one end mangled, I would say we have a winner -- and a bad case of littering.

The advantage of the sidescan over a fishfinder is enormous. In 60 feet of water the fishfinder's 12-degree signal cone covers 124 square feet, while the sidescan covers about 360 square yards or 3,240 square feet -- 26 times as much -- with better resolution. It's like looking through binoculars after trying to use a toy telescope. The resolution is good at speeds up to 4 or 4.5 knots. We can also determine the length, breadth, depth, and orientation of a wreck whilst lounging on the lido deck with a mai tai. Anyone want to buy some old, beat-up dive gear?

Sunday's small craft advisories were overstated, so Joe Keefe and I went out but did not go far from home -- just played in the river, looked briefly and unsuccessfully for the R. B. SPEEDEN (a lumber schooner that sank in 1929 near Tall Timbers), and learned how to mark targets and save images as bitmaps. Next step, link the sonar to the laptop to display everything with a larger screen and to store it in a bigger memory.

More sidescan on 1-2 April, at Point Lookout if we have divers, around St.George Island if not. Kurt, if you want, we can put the sidescan on the skiff and take pics of your field school wreck -- but the screen scrolling speed is not pegged to boat speed so the images are not scaled.

U-buoy 8-9 April, or 15-16 April if we get blown out on 8-9.

March 11, 2006

Stalking the Wild FeOB

March 11, 2006. It was a dark and stormy night. No, that's a lie. It was a sunny morning, calm, and unusually warm for mid-March.

Six of us met at Tall Timbers Marina, loaded dive gear into the IMH research boat Roper, and set forth upon the mighty and beautiful Potomac River to hunt the elusive iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) on a steel shipwreck near the Piney Point oil terminal.

The FeOB is a nasty little beast. It eats shipwrecks — but we were ready for it, armed with sample tubes and collectors.

Our fearless team included Dr. Susan Langley, the Maryland state underwater archaeologist; Project Chief Scientist Todd Plaia, a microbiologist from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), a non-profit biological research institution in Manassas, Virginia; Brian McMillan and Ted White, volunteer divers from Adventure Scuba in Chantilly, Virginia; and Dr. Richard V. Ducey and David Howe, IMH volunteers.

The wreck may be part of the tank barge STC 410 which exploded at the terminal on December 20, 1986, while discharging a cargo of JP-4 jet fuel for Naval Air Station Patuxent River. Nicknamed "the Puzzle Pile," the wreck stands 19 feet tall in 60 feet of water. It was found in 2002 by the NOAA survey vessel Bay Hydrographer, and consists of a confused jumble of heavy steel plates and pipes.

We "live-boated" the dives. Susan and Dave stayed dry to handle the boat and marker buoys and to tend the divers as they cheated death for science.

311feob.jpg


The first two sets of dives were made in moderate current on a flood tide. We missed the wreck both times, probably because the marker buoy dragged despite two 10-pound mushroom anchors.

The third set of dives was successful. Brian and Ted made the first dive of that set. They reconnoitered the site, tied and blew a small lift bag on the wreck as a second marker, and collected samples of ambient water and existing rust on the structure. After they surfaced, Todd and Rick made the second dive and placed six FeOB collectors on the site. Each collector carries three small plates of a known alloy of new iron. They will be recovered and analyzed after a measured period of immersion — whenever Todd says and the weather allows.

The water salinity was determined by a refractometer to be 15 parts per thousand, about half the typical salinity of seawater. The water temperature was 46° F (7.8° C) on the surface. Visibility was typical for the Potomac: several feet on the surface, and several inches near the bottom.

Analysis of the samples will take some time. We will post the results. Still, it was an excellent start to the 2006 diving season. Six hours on the water, Todd got what he wanted, and everyone who wanted to get wet got wet.

March 09, 2006

IMH Announces FeOB Research Project

IMH is working with American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) of Manassas,
Virginia, George Mason University, the Maryland Historical Trust, and the
Naval Historical Center, to study iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) on
Chesapeake shipwrecks. A copy of the research design will be posted on this site in the near future.

IMH receives grant from the Irish Heritage Council

The Institute of Maritime History has received a 5,000 euro grant from the Irish Heritage Council for its upcoming field season on Achill Island, Ireland. The Achill Island Maritime Archaeology Project, a joint effort with the College of William and Mary and the Achill Folklife Centre, has been focused on documenting the island's rich maritime history since 2004. The title of the grant is "The Archaeological Investigation of Economic Relations on the Nineteenth Century Maritime Cultural Landscape of Achill Island, Co. Mayo." The upcoming 2006 season will stage field investigations of a variety of maritime archaeological sites both above and below the water, including the ruins of commercial fishing and Coastguard stations, and the wrecks of the Neptune (English bark, 1860), the Jenny (Norwegian bark, 1894), and the Charles Stewart Parnell (Irish ketch, 1928).